Anglo-French Rivalry and Annexation of Bengal

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Anglo-French Rivalry and Annexation of 

 Bengal  


The European two main powers at the time of colonialism were Britain and France. Who had the Colonies in the different part of the world, in different Regions. South Asia is a region where indigenous people are living. And the Mughal Empire has a strong Rule over the south Asian Sub-Continent.  Anglo-French Rivalry and the thrust for power possession bring Britain into Hindustan[1]. Britishers came to Sub-continent through the Agenda of trade, not as colonizers looking to establish their hegemony in distant lands. They came as a trader to the Indian Ocean. At Medieval time many Merchants the different parts of the world such as the Arabian Peninsula, China South, and South East Asia had been trading. The first colony was made in South Asia[2] by the Portuguese, not Britishers. Portugal controls the main ports of Hindustan and Ceylon[3] and later other European powers made their hegemony there through the East India company which was founded in 1600, 1602, and 1664.


The first East India Company was founded by the English in 1600 by a Royal character of Queen Elizabeth I. When the Anglo-Rivalry on the peak, the English expanded the trade in South Asia under the auspices of the Mughal Empire. In 1617, the Britishers took over the licensees of trade which given to them by the Mughal Emperor Jahangir. After the death of Aurangzeb, the last emperor of the Mughal Empire in 1707 the empire started to crumble and Britishers gain a stronghold over the Sub-continent.  Across the globe, the power struggle took place between 2 powers which cause the many wars across the world in North America, South, and Southeast Asia which drawn Britain for the Annexation of Bengal.

The region of the Sub-continent was divided between English and French. French had control over the south of India.  The province of Bengal has the great capability of goods and trade is located in the East of India and both powers have an eye on this province but Britain took the upper hand. Britain allowed by the license early, the Bengal grew increasingly in 1750, the company profit for trade is more than 75 %, beyond what the emperor allowing and given license to them. Gradually and Steadily. Britain installs the Fortifications in Calcutta, for the possibility of a French Attack. This situation is an alarming point for the Hindustan, the Nawab Siraj ud-Daula took a step and ordered them to uninstall the fortification but there is no meaning of Nawab ordered because the English hold a greater position than the Nawab. When Nawab took several steps against them then the conspiracy started against Nawab and the English involved the Mir Jaffar, the general of Nawab in it. Through the conspiracy at the battlefield in Plassey in 1757, the Company killed the Nawab and installed the Mir Jaffer the new ruler who was the puppet of English.  With the Nawab death and the Britisher's victory at Plassey the most fertile and prosperous land of Bengal, and the province of Hindustan annexed by Britishers. Mir Jaffar appointee to collect the revenue across the fertile land of south Calcutta. This is how Bengal was annexed.  

[1] Today India and Pakistan[2] In India and Sri-Lanka.[3]  Ceylon is the old name of Sri-Lanka

 


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