Syrian War and International Interest Part 3

BRIEF INTRODUCTION OF SYRIAN WAR & INTERNATIONAL INTEREST 

The Syrian civil war is a nightmare for the Syrian people and the government as well. The war dismantles the national security dilemma, pauses the growth of the economy and destroys the normal life of the people. The war attained the international actor’s attention it-self. The war entered in the 9^th year, 2011 the crisis emerges in Syria which has multidimensional reasons and not yet resolved. Many writers think that the Syrian crisis is just like the other States' crises like the Egyptian and Libyan crisis and follow the pattern of Middle Eastern states but the assumption became wrong when the war escalated and became the hub of international actors. The war began as a revolt against the regime of Assad who belonged to the Baath party which ruled over Syria since the 1960s and became an authoritative ruler party with the aim of modern Syria. Its character is authoritarian, where the people didn’t have enough resources and opportunity, on the other hand, religious extremism, majority-minority conflict is also a source of instability.  The war for regime changes and self-rights has expanded when in 2013, a chemical weapon used by the government and outright creating the devastating humanitarian crisis. 

Besides, the domestic issue the international dimension also there in Syria. When the demonstration started in the Middle Eastern states and in the world of the North African state shift their focus towards them and in the Syrian issue, the world divided into two parts.

 One part is supporting the Assad regime in Syria in which China, Iran, and Russia are involved and on the other hand, the second supporting group is those who want to overthrow the Assad government and support the opposition in which United States of America, Qatar, Saudi Arabia Turkey and Western world is involved. But this tension increased the conflict in Syria and somehow it ended the real domestic route of conflict and started the new dimension of clashes and create the proxy war situation between different ideologies also in the midst of this tension and differences, various Jihadist groups such as ISIS, the ethnic group: Kurd's and the rebel group; Al-Nusra, a fraction are increased.

The war of Syria is one of the brutal wars after WWII. Massive killing, airstrikes, the involvement of so many actors and destruction of the country is a part of brutal war and unfortunately Syria facing this brutality. 

The Civil War nature of Syria converted into the international war when external powers entered into the war. Besides the regional power, the international powers such as the USA and Russia also have their interest over Syria and Turkey too.

Russia (Soviet Union) since the Cold War has strong ties with Syria and when the Soviet Union was collapsed, Syria considered Russia as a successor state and developed relations with Syria. Russia has investments in Syria tourism industry, the oil and gas industry, etc. Besides this Russia also sells weapons and arms to Syria. The Putin strategy to support the Syrian government based its policy to regain the superpower status and to counter America in Middle East politics. And the Syrian war became and source of Russia to re-enter in the superpower race as well as to show the world its independent policies that Russia is no more western puppet which she labeled at the time of Boris Yeltsin.

The United States of America also has an interest in Syria. As a whole, USA considered itself the Human Rights Champion and given itself a right to intervene in a country where a humanitarian crisis is an ongoing process. With Syria, the USA never had a good and stable relationship. The USA entered Syria is based on many reasons, first of all, it's countering the increasing power of Russia in the Middle East and Syria. Secondly, US provided the humanitarian assistance to Syrian to show its champion status to world thirdly, the natural gas and oil fields of central and eastern Syria attract the USA's attention last but not the least interest is to start the war on terror in the Middle Eastern region against ISIL.

Turkey has a triangle role in Syria because on one hand Turkey supported the western allies against ISIL and at the same time deployed its own forces to fight against Kurds plus fight against the groups who support Kurds in which western allies especially the USA support the Kurd's.

When USA playing their card, Saudis has their involvement how can it be possible that Iran didn’t play her part. Iran is a main participant in Syrian conflict who always support Bashar because of affiliation and interest. Iran always save their interest against Saudi Arabia and USA and in Syria Iran playing that equation to targeting proxy war against USA and Saudis.

All external powers interest re-shape the war of Syria. this war and conflict would not be too complex if external powers kept their nose away from the internal matters of Syria.

The consequences of international insolvent directly target the local community. With foreign involvement increasing on both sides, (government and opposition) neither is likely to win, or lose anytime soon, but it is clear that the humanity loses in this war. Both sides need to overview their situation and instead to escalating the war and divisions between rebel and regimes, both sides must co-operate with each other not for themselves but for Syrian. The Syrian are the main effective of this war and to protect them and provide them secure future is the responsibility of every armed conflict party of Syria either they belong to opposition or government.